Find 120 Franklin St, Jersey City | Your Guide


Find 120 Franklin St, Jersey City | Your Guide

The required handle refers to a location inside Jersey Metropolis, New Jersey. It denotes a specific level throughout the city panorama, vulnerable to numerous makes use of similar to residential, industrial, or mixed-use developments. As a exact identifier, it facilitates navigation, deliveries, and official record-keeping throughout the metropolis.

The importance of a selected handle like this extends past mere location. It represents potential financial exercise, neighborhood constructing, and property worth issues. Historic context might reveal previous utilization of the location, contributing to its present traits and influencing future growth plans. Its location impacts entry to facilities, transportation, and neighborhood dynamics.

Understanding the position of this explicit handle necessitates additional exploration into the encompassing neighborhood, potential zoning rules, and any present or deliberate developments within the neighborhood. This detailed investigation offers a complete perspective on its present standing and future prospects throughout the context of Jersey Metropolis’s ongoing evolution.

1. Location

The very idea of location dictates the future of a spot. For the handle on Franklin Road inside Jersey Metropolis, that is very true. The encompassing geography, the neighboring streets, and even town’s place throughout the broader metropolitan panorama all coalesce to find out its significance. The story of this handle is intrinsically linked to its the place.

  • Proximity to Transportation Hubs

    Location, within the trendy city surroundings, hinges on entry. Is the handle close to a PATH station, bus traces, or main roadways? The benefit with which residents and guests can arrive dramatically influences property worth, desirability, and finally, the potential for enterprise growth. A location poorly served by transport turns into an island, disconnected from town’s important arteries. The circulate of individuals, items, and concepts relies upon upon this connectivity.

  • Neighborhood Character and Facilities

    The speedy environment inform a narrative. Is the realm identified for its quiet residential streets, its vibrant arts scene, or its bustling industrial corridors? Proximity to parks, colleges, eating places, and retailers considerably shapes the expertise of residing or working there. A location in a protected, well-maintained neighborhood with entry to important facilities instructions a premium. Conversely, a location affected by crime or missing primary conveniences faces appreciable challenges.

  • Zoning Laws and Land Use

    Authorized frameworks outline what can and can’t be constructed or operated at a selected handle. Zoning dictates permissible constructing heights, density, and utilization. A location zoned for mixed-use growth gives better flexibility than one restricted to single-family houses. Understanding these rules is essential for anybody contemplating investing in or creating the property. Zoning both permits or restricts potential relying on the imaginative and prescient.

  • Publicity to Pure Components

    Location contains its publicity to pure components. Flood zone designation, susceptibility to extreme climate, and daylight publicity are all essential issues. An handle in a low-lying space faces the chance of flooding, probably impacting property values and insurance coverage prices. Conversely, a location with ample daylight and favorable wind patterns can scale back power consumption and improve the general high quality of life. Nature and nurture mix to have an effect on the entire properties round 120 Franklin road.

These aspects, whereas seemingly distinct, are interwoven. The supply of transportation influences neighborhood character, whereas zoning rules dictate land use, impacting accessibility. The handle place relative to those components defines not solely its present worth but in addition its potential for future progress. A whole understanding of the placement is key to appreciating the position the handle performs inside Jersey Metropolis’s broader narrative.

2. Actual Property

The heartbeat of Jersey Metropolis quickens with the rhythm of actual property transactions. Every handle, some extent on the map, represents potential, funding, and the promise of a future. 120 Franklin Road isn’t any exception. It stands as a tangible asset, its worth formed by market forces, location, and the ever-shifting needs of these looking for a spot to name house or an area to conduct enterprise.

  • Market Valuation Dynamics

    The price of this handle isn’t static. It fluctuates with the tides of the true property market, influenced by rates of interest, financial developments, and the general well being of Jersey Metropolis. Comparable properties close by, latest gross sales information, and knowledgeable value determinations all contribute to its calculated worth. Every appraisal is an informed guess, with some folks will discover this property very fascinating and a few folks won’t. Its worth, subsequently, exists inside a spread.

  • Property Tax Implications

    Possession comes with obligations, foremost amongst them, property taxes. These levies, calculated primarily based on the assessed worth of the property, fund native authorities companies, colleges, and infrastructure. The upper the property’s assessed worth, the better the tax burden. Subsequently, the prices related to holding land on the handle should be calculated. Property tax funds will all the time be a part of price issues.

  • Funding and Growth Potential

    Past its present state, 120 Franklin Road might maintain unrealized potential. Maybe the prevailing construction might be renovated and upgraded, or the lot redeveloped completely. Zoning rules, market demand, and entry to capital all play a job in figuring out the feasibility of such ventures. Some actual property places current alternatives for industrial growth, residential enlargement, or the creation of mixed-use areas that cater to trendy city residing.

  • Comparative Market Evaluation

    Understanding 120 Franklin Road inside its aggressive panorama requires an intensive comparative market evaluation. How does it stack up towards comparable properties within the neighborhood? What options does it provide that set it aside? What drawbacks may detract potential consumers or tenants? The solutions to those questions reveal its strengths and weaknesses, informing pricing methods and advertising and marketing efforts.

The story of 120 Franklin Road, as a chunk of actual property, is considered one of fixed negotiation. Its worth isn’t inherent however assigned, influenced by a fancy interaction of market forces, authorized obligations, and the imaginative and prescient of those that search to form its future. Whether or not it turns into a thriving enterprise hub, a cushty household house, or a supply of passive earnings for the investor, is determined by a fragile dance of provide, demand, and alternative. This cycle continues.

3. City Growth

City growth, a continuing reshaping of the cityscape, exerts a profound affect upon each handle inside its sphere. For 120 Franklin Road in Jersey Metropolis, this affect is plain. The forces of progress, planning, and demographic shifts converge to mildew the potential, the worth, and even the very goal of the property. Understanding these dynamics is essential to greedy the current and way forward for this explicit location.

  • Zoning and Grasp Plans

    The grasp plan of Jersey Metropolis acts as a blueprint, dictating the permissible makes use of and densities inside particular zones. Ought to the zoning designation for the realm round 120 Franklin Road be altered to permit for better residential density or the introduction of business enterprises, the handle will inevitably expertise transformation. A shift in the direction of mixed-use zoning, as an illustration, may spur redevelopment, inviting new companies and residents. This can be a selection that metropolis leaders make.

  • Infrastructure Enhancements

    The lifeblood of any city space flows by way of its infrastructure: roads, public transportation, utilities. Upgrades to those methods, significantly these straight serving the neighborhood of 120 Franklin Road, can dramatically enhance its accessibility and desirability. A brand new subway line, enhanced bus routes, or upgraded water and sewer methods can unlock potential beforehand constrained by insufficient infrastructure. When governments invests, non-public corporations are sometimes fast to observe with their very own investments.

  • Redevelopment Tasks

    Close by redevelopment initiatives act as each catalysts and rivals. A big-scale growth within the speedy neighborhood of 120 Franklin Road might draw new residents and companies to the realm, rising foot visitors and demand. Nevertheless, it may additionally introduce new competitors, probably impacting property values and rental charges. Balancing the advantages and challenges of such growth is crucial for the long-term viability of the handle.

  • Historic Preservation Efforts

    Jersey Metropolis possesses a wealthy historical past, and efforts to protect historic buildings and neighborhoods can profoundly affect city growth. If 120 Franklin Road is situated inside or adjoining to a chosen historic district, any proposed adjustments or renovations could also be topic to stringent evaluation and approval processes. Whereas such rules can defend the architectural character of the realm, they could additionally restrict the extent of potential redevelopment. That is the stability that metropolis planners try and strike.

The way forward for 120 Franklin Road is intrinsically tied to the broader trajectory of city growth inside Jersey Metropolis. Understanding the interaction of zoning, infrastructure, redevelopment, and preservation is essential to navigating the complicated forces that form the future of this handle. As town continues to evolve, so too will the alternatives and challenges going through this explicit level on the city map. The story continues.

4. Residential Potential

The handle, a nexus of brick and goals, breathes with residential potential. The opportunity of reworking a construction, or erecting a brand new one, right into a dwelling is a basic facet of its existence. Its capability to offer shelter, consolation, and a way of belonging shapes its price and affect. Contemplate a brownstone at this handle, as soon as a dilapidated shell, resurrected by way of cautious renovation. Its transformation speaks to the inherent potential inside uncared for areas, proving that even in probably the most difficult city landscapes, houses might be solid, lives might be nurtured.

The importance of residential potential extends past mere shelter. It encompasses neighborhood constructing, financial stability, and private achievement. A thriving residential space attracts companies, helps native colleges, and fosters a way of collective id. Highlighting that is the story of the revitalization venture undertaken close to this website. Reasonably priced housing initiatives spurred by understanding its significance introduced new households, lowered crime charges, and invigorated the neighborhood’s financial system. Such interventions underscore the sensible energy of recognizing and cultivating residential potential.

But, challenges abound. Zoning restrictions, development prices, and neighborhood resistance can impede the conclusion of residential goals. Overcoming these hurdles requires revolutionary options, collaborative partnerships, and a steadfast dedication to creating inclusive and sustainable residing environments. The story of 120 Franklin Road, subsequently, is considered one of promise tempered by actuality, a continuing negotiation between aspirations and constraints, the place the final word purpose is to remodel a bodily location into a spot of belonging and progress, throughout the better tapestry of Jersey Metropolis’s residential narrative.

5. Industrial Exercise

The intersection of Franklin Road and Jersey Metropolis, a bodily level on the map, represents way over simply an handle; its a locus of business exercise, an important node within the metropolis’s financial community. The presence, or absence, of business ventures at that location has a direct and measurable affect on the encompassing neighborhood. A thriving enterprise on the road can generate employment, appeal to foot visitors, and improve property values for close by residents. Conversely, a vacant storefront can contribute to a way of city decay, discouraging funding and fostering a local weather of stagnation. Contemplate the ripple impact: An area espresso store, established on a given lot on Franklin road, not solely offers a gathering place but in addition helps native suppliers, creates jobs for baristas, and attracts prospects who might then patronize different companies within the neighborhood.

Delving deeper, the kind of industrial exercise issues immensely. A neighborhood grocery retailer offers important items and companies, catering to the each day wants of residents. A specialised boutique, alternatively, may appeal to customers from additional afield, boosting the realm’s popularity as a retail vacation spot. The success or failure of any given industrial enterprise is influenced by components similar to market demand, competitors, entry to capital, and the effectiveness of its administration. Understanding these dynamics is essential for anybody contemplating investing in, or regulating, industrial growth in that neighborhood. The opening of a grocery retailer would serve the neighborhood and it could be extremely helpful. The failure of a stylish style store would have little impact on the native inhabitants.

Finally, the industrial exercise surrounding a selected handle inside Jersey Metropolis is a mirrored image of town’s broader financial well being and its dedication to fostering a vibrant and various enterprise neighborhood. Supporting native entrepreneurs, streamlining allowing processes, and investing in infrastructure enhancements can all contribute to creating an surroundings the place companies can thrive, making a symbiotic relationship that advantages each the handle and town as an entire. The story of the road is, in some ways, the story of the companies that decision it house, the entrepreneurs who take an opportunity, and the purchasers who preserve them alive. With out this interaction, Jersey Metropolis would lose a few of its vibrance.

6. Native Historical past

The stones of Franklin Road bear silent witness to Jersey Metropolis’s unfolding narrative. To talk of 120 Franklin Road with out acknowledging its historic roots is to ignore a basic layer of its id. The previous casts a protracted shadow, shaping not solely the bodily panorama but in addition the social and financial forces that outline the current. Contemplate, for instance, the affect of immigration patterns on the neighborhood. If the realm as soon as served as a gateway for newcomers, their cultural heritage may nonetheless resonate within the structure, the delicacies, and the neighborhood establishments that encompass the handle. Conversely, if the road was as soon as dominated by a specific business, its decline may need left behind vacant buildings and financial hardship. These echoes of the previous usually are not mere anecdotes; they’re lively components within the metropolis’s continued progress.

Historic information usually reveal forgotten makes use of of land. Maybe 120 Franklin Road was as soon as the location of a manufacturing facility, a church, or a outstanding residence. Understanding its former goal can present invaluable insights into its present zoning rules, environmental circumstances, and architectural options. Think about uncovering proof that the location was as soon as a bustling industrial hub. This data may inform selections about future redevelopment, probably resulting in the creation of a mixed-use area that blends residential and industrial components whereas honoring the road’s industrial heritage. Such historic consciousness isn’t merely tutorial; it’s a sensible software for city planners, builders, and neighborhood members looking for to form the way forward for their neighborhood.

The story of 120 Franklin Road is subsequently intertwined with the broader narrative of Jersey Metropolis. Preserving native historical past isn’t merely a matter of nostalgia; it’s an act of empowerment. By understanding the forces which have formed the handle, residents can higher navigate the challenges and alternatives of the current, guaranteeing that the long run displays a dedication to each progress and preservation. Ignoring the teachings of the previous dangers repeating its errors, whereas embracing it offers a basis for constructing a extra vibrant and equitable neighborhood. So long as the previous is remembered, Jersey Metropolis’s streets will retain their distinctive character and a hyperlink to their previous.

7. Accessibility

The narrative of city life is intrinsically linked to the benefit with which one can navigate its areas. For 120 Franklin Road in Jersey Metropolis, accessibility transcends mere comfort; it’s the very lifeblood that sustains its connection to the encompassing neighborhood and the broader world. The circulate of individuals, items, and concepts hinges upon this significant issue, shaping its financial vitality and social relevance.

  • Proximity to Public Transportation

    The story begins with the rhythmic pulse of trains and buses. A brief stroll to a PATH station or a well-serviced bus route transforms 120 Franklin Road from an remoted level right into a linked hub. Contemplate the commuter, counting on public transport to succeed in Manhattan for work; easy accessibility to transit turns into a essential determinant of their housing selection. Equally, companies rely upon environment friendly transportation networks to obtain provides and serve prospects. A location poorly served by public transport faces a big drawback, its potential stunted by its isolation.

  • Walkability and Pedestrian Infrastructure

    Past mass transit lies the human scale. Walkability, the measure of how simply one can traverse a neighborhood on foot, profoundly impacts the standard of life. Properly-maintained sidewalks, pedestrian-friendly road crossings, and the presence of parks and inexperienced areas all contribute to a walkable surroundings. Think about the resident, in a position to stroll to a close-by grocery retailer or an area espresso store with out going through daunting obstacles. Such comfort fosters a way of neighborhood, encouraging social interplay and supporting native companies. Conversely, a scarcity of pedestrian infrastructure creates limitations, isolating residents and diminishing the vibrancy of the neighborhood.

  • Vehicular Entry and Parking Availability

    The roar of engines and the seek for parking areas inform one other chapter. Whereas public transport and walkability are important, vehicular entry stays a big consideration for a lot of. The supply of road parking, the proximity to highways, and the benefit of navigating native roads all affect the attraction of 120 Franklin Road to drivers. Contemplate the enterprise proprietor, counting on deliveries and buyer visits; enough parking is essential for his or her success. Nevertheless, vehicular entry should be balanced with the wants of pedestrians and cyclists, guaranteeing that the road stays protected and pleasant for all.

  • Accessibility for Individuals with Disabilities

    The story should additionally embrace these usually neglected. Accessibility for folks with disabilities isn’t merely a authorized requirement; it’s a ethical crucial. Ramps, elevators, and accessible restrooms are important for guaranteeing that everybody can absolutely take part in neighborhood life. Think about the challenges confronted by an individual utilizing a wheelchair, making an attempt to navigate a constructing with out correct lodging. The presence or absence of those options speaks volumes a few society’s dedication to inclusivity. The trail ought to be open to all and Jersey Metropolis ought to proceed towards that purpose.

In conclusion, the story of 120 Franklin Road is intricately woven with the threads of accessibility. From the grand scale of public transportation networks to the intimate particulars of pedestrian infrastructure, every ingredient contributes to the benefit with which individuals can join with the placement. A road is not only a road. The flexibility to maneuver with out hindrance, to take part absolutely in neighborhood life, is a basic human proper, and the extent to which 120 Franklin Road embodies this precept will finally decide its success.

8. Neighborhood Context

At its essence, a bodily handle exists not in isolation, however as an integral half of a bigger social ecosystem. Understanding the placement requires a deeper examination of its neighborhood context, which offers the important thing to grasp its id and significance throughout the metropolis.

  • Demographic Cloth and Social Cohesion

    The threads of ethnicity, earnings ranges, and age teams are tightly woven to create the neighborhood. The residents round this location type a tapestry, every with its distinctive sample and hue. To know the handle, the query should be requested: Does the placement foster collaboration or segregation? Are there shared areas that promote unity, or does socioeconomic disparity create invisible limitations? The realm is likely to be a melting pot of cultures, the place variety is well known, or it is likely to be a neighborhood divided alongside class traces, the place alternatives usually are not equally accessible. The story of 120 Franklin Road is thus the story of its folks, and its character displays their collective id.

  • Native Establishments and Neighborhood Organizations

    Past the person residents, native establishments form the material of the neighborhood. Faculties, church buildings, libraries, and neighborhood facilities act as anchors, offering important companies and fostering a way of belonging. To know 120 Franklin Road, the query should be requested: What position do these establishments play within the lives of those that reside close by? Is there a powerful community of neighborhood organizations that advocate for native wants and supply help to residents? A thriving neighborhood advantages from lively engagement of those stakeholders. In distinction, a scarcity of funding in neighborhood establishments can result in social fragmentation and a decline in high quality of life.

  • Civic Engagement and Political Participation

    The neighborhood isn’t merely a group of buildings and other people; it’s a residing, respiratory entity that calls for lively participation from its members. The query that should be requested: Do the residents of this space actively interact in native politics? Do they attend neighborhood conferences, vote in elections, and voice their considerations to elected officers? A excessive degree of civic engagement signifies a wholesome and vibrant neighborhood, the place residents take possession of their environment and actively form its future. Conversely, apathy and disengagement can result in neglect and a way of powerlessness.

  • Notion and Status of the Neighborhood

    The notion of a neighborhood, each inside and past its borders, is a robust pressure. The query that should be requested: Is the realm round 120 Franklin Road seen as protected, fascinating, and well-maintained? A constructive popularity can appeal to new residents and companies, boosting property values and fostering a way of satisfaction. Conversely, a detrimental popularity can deter funding and create a self-fulfilling cycle of decline. The media, word-of-mouth, and private experiences all contribute to shaping the notion of a neighborhood, and these perceptions, whether or not correct or not, have a tangible affect on its future.

Every handle isn’t a static entity, however a dynamic ingredient inside a fancy social community. Its historical past, its demographics, its establishments, and its popularity all converge to form its distinctive id. The story of 120 Franklin Road can solely be actually understood by analyzing the intricate interaction of those components, recognizing that it’s not merely a location, however a spot the place folks reside, work, and join with each other. That’s the definition of neighborhood.

Continuously Requested Questions on 120 Franklin Road, Jersey Metropolis

This part addresses widespread inquiries in regards to the handle. Misunderstandings and uncertainties usually cloud discussions about particular places; these questions goal to offer readability, dispelling rumors and providing verified info.

Query 1: Is 120 Franklin Road primarily residential, industrial, or a mixed-use property?

The character of the constructing has shifted by way of the many years. Historic information recommend a predominantly residential previous, with hints of small-scale industrial exercise within the early twentieth century. Present zoning rules present probably the most correct indication, however potential redevelopments may alter the combination, leaning in the direction of a mixed-use construction with each residential and industrial potential, pending metropolis planning approvals.

Query 2: What’s the historic significance of the handle throughout the context of Jersey Metropolis’s growth?

Tracing the historic narrative of the location reveals a connection to the commercial increase that formed Jersey Metropolis. As soon as a website for manufacturing or associated trades, it bore witness to the transformation of the realm from marshland to a bustling port metropolis. Analyzing archived metropolis information paints an image of its evolution from an industrial hub to a contemporary residential space, showcasing the cyclical nature of city growth.

Query 3: What are the first transportation choices accessible to residents or companies at this location?

Accessibility is a key think about city life. Situated a manageable distance from main transit routes, 120 Franklin Road gives an inexpensive commute to Manhattan and different elements of New Jersey. The PATH practice, bus traces, and main roadways are all inside attain, facilitating each native and regional journey. The problem stays navigating native visitors patterns, which might be significantly dense throughout peak hours.

Query 4: What’s the present market worth of properties situated at or close to this handle, and what components affect these values?

Actual property values are fluid, reflecting a fancy interaction of things. Market developments, rates of interest, and comparable gross sales information all contribute to the fluctuating worth of properties within the neighborhood. Proximity to facilities, college districts, and perceived security additionally play a big position. Understanding these components is essential for potential consumers or sellers navigating the Jersey Metropolis actual property market.

Query 5: Are there any deliberate or ongoing growth initiatives that will affect the realm surrounding 120 Franklin Road?

City growth is a continuing means of change. Keep watch over metropolis planning paperwork and native information. Redevelopment plans, zoning adjustments, or infrastructure enhancements can have vital implications for properties within the space. Neighborhood conferences and public hearings present invaluable alternatives to remain knowledgeable and voice considerations about proposed developments.

Query 6: What are the area people sources and facilities accessible to residents residing at this handle?

A neighborhood is extra than simply buildings; it’s outlined by its sources and social connections. Native colleges, parks, libraries, and neighborhood facilities present important companies and foster a way of belonging. Collaborating in native organizations and neighborhood occasions may help residents join with their neighbors and contribute to the vitality of the neighborhood.

In conclusion, readability concerning a selected location calls for diligence and knowledgeable consciousness. This understanding ought to information these trying to buy, reside, or construct on this neighborhood.

Transferring ahead, a case examine evaluation delves deeper, offering particular examples and insights into real-world eventualities.

Navigating the Realities of 120 Franklin Road, Jersey Metropolis

Understanding the nuances of a specific location requires extra than simply addresses and property values. This part gives observations gleaned from analyzing the handle, meant to tell these contemplating a connection to this particular piece of Jersey Metropolis. These are the realities of life at 120 Franklin Road, seen by way of the lens of its historical past and concrete panorama.

Tip 1: Conduct Thorough Due Diligence on Zoning Laws.

Jersey Citys zoning codes dictate permissible land utilization, and these might be complicated. Think about a state of affairs the place aspirations for a home-based enterprise conflict with zoning restrictions. Detailed investigation prevents pricey surprises, probably revealing limitations that require different plans. This ensures that any meant utilization aligns with native ordinances.

Tip 2: Scrutinize Flood Threat Assessments.

Proximity to waterways necessitates a cautious analysis of flood threat. Recalling the devastation of Superstorm Sandy serves as a stark reminder. Acquire detailed flood zone maps and think about insurance coverage implications earlier than making any commitments. Mitigation measures, similar to flood-proofing, ought to be explored to guard property and peace of thoughts.

Tip 3: Consider Commute Choices with Real looking Expectations.

Whereas public transportation is accessible, peak hours usually carry overcrowding and delays. Envision standing on a packed practice platform, operating late for a gathering. Check commute instances at varied hours to realize an correct sense of the each day actuality. Various routes, similar to biking or ferries, might present invaluable flexibility.

Tip 4: Assess Noise Ranges at Completely different Instances of Day.

City environments are not often silent. The rumble of visitors, development, and neighboring companies can considerably affect high quality of life. Image attempting to focus on work whereas competing with the sounds of a close-by development website. Go to the placement at totally different instances to gauge noise ranges and decide tolerance for ambient sounds. Soundproofing measures could also be obligatory.

Tip 5: Examine the Historical past of the Property and Surrounding Space.

Previous makes use of of land can have lasting penalties. Environmental contamination, hidden infrastructure, or prior authorized disputes can current sudden challenges. Unearthing historic information and conducting environmental assessments can reveal potential points earlier than they escalate into pricey issues. Defending future funding requires historic consciousness.

Tip 6: Consider Neighborhood Sentiment and Future Developments

New developments may change the character of the realm and probably property values. Learn the information and attain out to neighborhood stakeholders to raised perceive public sentiment and present considerations of the realm. New additions will change the neighborhood.

Understanding the particular realities of 120 Franklin Road calls for cautious investigation and life like assessments. By prioritizing due diligence, potential traders and residents could make knowledgeable selections.

Constructing upon these sensible insights, the following part transitions right into a conclusion.

120 Franklin Road, Jersey Metropolis

The exploration has revealed extra than simply coordinates. It has unveiled a location formed by the ebb and circulate of historical past, the relentless march of city growth, and the aspirations of those that have known as it house. Its worth is dictated by its place and the heartbeat of the true property market, its destiny intertwined with broader developments. It’s greater than an handle; its location is a component of the area people.

The narrative of 120 Franklin Road, subsequently, serves as a microcosm of Jersey Metropolis’s evolution, a steady interaction of progress and preservation. As town continues to remodel, the potential for it to be a spot the place people thrive should be remembered. The placement will proceed. Its affect on the world should be rigorously thought-about.

close
close